Border Security Through Technology and Manpower Essay

It was reported in the San Antonio Express News that â€Å"Border-Patrolling Drones Would Call Texas Base Home.† Lynn Brezosky reported that â€Å"U.S. Customs and Border Protection Commissioner Alan Bersin cut the ribbon for the launch of the nation’s fourth base for operating border surveillance drones.† This is important in securing the U.S.-Mexico border, which the U.S. has an approximate 1,933 mile long border with Mexico (Beaver). Brezosky also reported that â€Å"the Homeland Security budget called for two drones for Texas.† The new drones in Texas are another step towards securing the U.S. border with Mexico. On the other hand, the so called â€Å"border fence† is producing less than favorable results. The issue of border security is not confined†¦show more content†¦In addition, the Secure Fence Act mandated that 854 miles of fencing be built. According to Duncan Hunter, however, the State Representative of the 52nd district of Cal ifornia, â€Å"The Department of Homeland Security has indicated its intention to build 370 miles of border fencing even though the Secure Fence Act calls for more than double that length.† And on May 10, 2011 in El Paso, Texas, President Obama stated â€Å"the border fence is now basically complete.† (Krauthammer) The fence failure brings me to my next point about its faults. The fence is nowhere near complete, yet the President himself is claiming that it is complete. On the contrary, Nicole Miller reported in the â€Å"Texas International Law Journal† that â€Å"The latest reports from June 2009 reported that 633 miles of the original 700 were completed† (Miller 8). The 700 miles of fencing may have been built, but that still leaves over 1,200 miles of unsecured border. The fence has been placed only at certain points where they slow immediate entry into cities and roads. Just beyond the cities and roads the fence ends unexpectedly; so the illegal traffic simply avoids the more guarded fence and goes around. (Holt 3-4) Native American culture is being affected by the fence as well. Many Native American tribes like the Tohono O’Odham, who live along the border, are cut off from the rest of their people (History Culture).Show MoreRelatedHomeland Security Chapt er 9-10 Essay923 Words   |  4 Pagesattempts and successes at border patrol. Beginning with the U.S customs and Border Protection, the Border Patrol office has like many other agencies, merged with the DHS following 9/11. The reason is because the Border Patrol is now after 9/11 been concerned with the prevention of terrorist’s entry. The Border Patrol also merged with customs, which has a long history with border patrol. The CBP has been charged with guarding 7000 miles of U.S Land border. The Border patrol has been very concernedRead MoreThe United States Border Patrol1532 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States Border Patrol has a mission and duty to protect our borders through regulating laws and preventing illegal terrorists, drugs, and weapons from entering the United States. This has been a clear goal ever since laws have been passed to help secure our borders back in 1924. The need for Border Patrol and the demand for tighter security plans have been increasi ng due to terrorist attacks on American soil, the presence of radical groups, and a high rate of crime in the United StatesRead MoreThe Future of Policing1568 Words   |  6 Pagesbeneficial foundations of the world in which we live today. In todays day and age, the defense of the United States has long been of the utmost importance of national security. However, many individuals fail to understand that the internal defense of our nation is essentially of far greater importance in viewing national security on a day-to-day basis. For many American citizens existing in the modern age, life seems to run quite smoothly, and what we often take for granted is the fact that thisRead MoreSecurity On The Southern Border1246 Words   |  5 Pages Security on the Southern Border Jaden Truxal ENGL 1101 Ms. Floyd 8 November 2016 Outline: Security on the Southern Border I. Increased security along the southern border is vitally needed to protect America from foreign threats. A. Purpose: To persuade the audience that increasing the security on the United States’ southern border is essential for this nation. B. The U.S. needs and must have more border security, but not the kind that President- elect, Donald Trump, is thinkingRead MoreTechnology And Less Officers On The Border1818 Words   |  8 PagesThe United States should try to use more technology and less officers on the border to prevent less deaths. Unlike soldiers who are at times well equipped and armed in tanks, the border patrol officers are in trucks, quads and at times on foot. The border patrol agents are at a big risk while patrolling the border. The Associated Press, in an article for Fox News states, â€Å"Twenty-six U.S. Border Patrol agents have died in the line of duty since 2002† (â€Å"Border Patrol†). Twenty-six agents have been killedRead MoreMilitary Strength at Our Borders3237 Words   |  13 PagesAmerican Military University Miltary Strenght at our Borders A Research Paper Submitted to by Manassas, West Virginia Date Submitted 28 June, 2012 Military Strength at our Borders As todays military currently winds down from actions in Iraq, Afghanistan and other lands where the current war on terror is being fought they face a downsizing that will return thousands home looking for new employment options. Every one of these individuals whetherRead MoreStopping The Trafficking Of Drugs Into The Country1263 Words   |  6 Pagesa key part of their overall mission: to protect America. The Border Patrol’s 2012-2016 strategic plan supports the national-level strategies like the National Drug Control Strategy and â€Å"uses a risk-based approach to securing the border†. According to this strategic plan, â€Å"Transnational criminal organizations represent a significant cross-border threat to homeland security†. Outlined in the National Drug Strategy, the border security mission of preventing drug smuggling contributes to the goalsRead MoreList Three Things That You Would Do / Change The Overall Functionality Of The Facebook Gsoc Or Ep Process882 Words   |  4 Pagesstakeholder analyses will include the following persons and departments – or their equivalents. â€Å"From databases and daily intelligence reports, to providing ‘eyes-on’ to your globally mobile populations, our comprehensive medical and security intelligence tools monitor global security and health threats, track your travelers in real-time, manage outbound communications and step in with on-the-ground support, whenever it is needed. The combination of proactive intelligence and rapid response enables decisionRead MoreImmigration Is A Whole Other Playing Field Of Racial Stereotypes Essay1421 Words   |  6 Pagest. Out of desperation illegal immigrants will fly from South America, where they elicit the assistance of a â€Å"coyote,† or smuggler, to help them attempt to illegally cross the border into the United States. If they don t have the money to hire a â€Å"coyote† many take a far more uncomfortable method and try to cross the border into the United States by cramming into shipping containers, trucks, or boxcars. Once inside immigrants must find work, the US is far to unforgiving with the jobless man. HoweverRead MoreTechnology Advancement Of The World History1582 Words   |  7 PagesAbout cybercrimes: Any technology advancement made for the improvement of mankind has turned noxious at some other point of time in the world history. Earlier, in the last century, when nuclear energy evolved as a biggest source of energy with a low running cost, which later on culminated as the source of deadliest atomic bombs which led to the massive destruction of two cities in Japan. Likewise, the widespread use of computers and growing reliance on Internet and the online resources available

Investigation Mysql Database And Neo4j Database - 9884 Words

INVESTIGATION IN MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE ZAHRAA MUSTAFA ABDULRAHMAN AL-ANI JUNE 2015 INVESTIGATION IN MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF ÇANKAYA UNIVERSITY BY ZAHRAA MUSTAFA ABDULRAHMAN AL-ANI IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTER SCIENCEINFORMATION TECHNOLOGY PROGRAM JUNE 2015 Title of the Thesis: Investigation In MySQL Database And Neo4j Database Submitted by Zahraa Al-ani Approval of the Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Çankaya University. Prof. Dr. Taner ALTUNOK†¦show more content†¦I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last Name : Zahraa Al-ani Signature : Date : 18.06.2015 ABSTRACT INVESTIGATION IN MYSQL DATABASE AND NEO4J DATABASE AL-ANI, Zahraa Mustafa Abdulrahman M.Sc., Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Information Technology Program Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Abdà ¼l Kadir GÃâ€"RÃÅ"R June 2015, 55 Pages Currently, there are two major of database management systems which are used to deal with data, the first one called Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) which is the traditional relational databases, it deals with structured data and have been popular since decades from 1970, while the second one called Not only Structure Query Language databases (NoSQL), they have been dealing with semi-structured and unstructured data; the NoSQL term was introduced for the first time in 1998 by Carlo Strozzi and Eric Evans reintroduced the term NoSQL in early 2009, and now the NoSQL types are gaining their popularity with the development of the internet and the social media. NoSQL are intending to override the cons of RDBMS, such as fixed schemas, JOIN operations and handling the scalability problems. With the appearance of Big Data,

It205 †Hardware Replacement Project Free Essays

Hardware Replacement Project IT/205 – Management of Information systems June 24, 2012 Cristina Oliver Hardware Replacement Project The IT department is implementing a new CRM solution in its corporate offices. The hardware currently in use is out of date and will not support the CRM application. The hardware must be replaced prior to deployment. We will write a custom essay sample on It205 – Hardware Replacement Project or any similar topic only for you Order Now Resource: Ch. 11 of Essentials of Management Information Systems Write a 1,050- to 1,750-word paper that addresses the following: How do the five major variables of project management—scope, time, cost, quality, and risk—relate to this scenario? What considerations must be applied when selecting projects that deliver the best business value? What factors that influence project risk? What strategies would you recommend for minimizing this project’s risks? * The Information Technology department is implementing a new CRM (Customer Relationship Management) solution in its corporate offices but what we found is that the current hardware is out-of-data and will not support the new CRM application, so to implement the new CRM solution we must upgrade all the hardware prior to deployment of the CRM application. The assessment of scope, time, cost, quality and risk are the five variables needed to consider when planning out this project of the hardware replacement for the CRM application. â€Å"Project management refers to the application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to achieve specific targets within specific budgets† (Laudon Laudon, 2011, P. 397). The project managers’ position is to align the project to meet the necessary target in which they must estimate resources required for the work (materials and people), plan the work, assign and direct the work, report progress, analyze the results, acquire materials, and assesses the risk. In implementing the CRM project we see that the project scope is to have all hardware replaced. Hardware that would be replaced are desktops, servers and possibly handheld devices. Prior to installation of hardware to the corporate offices there will be installation of the software which includes operating systems, standard company applications and the new CRM application, testing of the applications and hardware in the test environment prior to testing on the production network and just before replace of the hardware to the offices there will be education training and then a small department rollout to verify and finalize any risks. We need to figure a realistic time to achieve our target on the CRM project as time. What will be needed is to break down each component into separate tasks and activities so each team has time to accomplish their tasks. Remember that each task given is dependent for the next task to succeed. This give a schedule of when the project may be completed. â€Å"Costs are based on the time to complete a project multiplied by the daily cost of human resources required to complete the project† (Laudon Laudon, 2011, P. 399). Costs also include the hardware, software and real estate of where someone sits when doing the work. The project manager is responsible for developing the budget as well as monitoring the expenses of the ongoing project attempting not to go over their projected budget. Quality is the indication of how well the project is going and also how well the end result satisfies the objects requested by management. Quality defines the workmanship, accuracy and the timelines of the information produced by the new system being implemented. Quality grants a more positive outcome within the project team as well as management. Risk are something that happens with all projects as they are potential problems that threaten the success of a project. The problems that could arise can prevent a project from meeting it’s timelines by increasing time and costs, lowering the quality of the output or possibly preventing the project altogether. When given the project timeline it is normally given some of the risks involved with each tasks and within the project there is the attempt to give buffer time should those risks appear. Considerations that must be applied when selecting projects that deliver the best business value are benefits and costs. In the long or possibly short are the benefits that can regain costs and possibly or will increase financial gains for the business. The company needs to realize the CRM application; if it will indeed benefit from this application and that the application covers all aspects of what the required objectives. Obviously if the company purchases the CRM application and doesn’t meet the requirements then the project will not reap the benefits or costs. Other considerations are training and maintenance of the hardware, software and application. Without training of the application how would one know how to use it to its full potential? Training is planned and designed for the various users and departments. With the CRM application each department will have their specific requirements as to what they will use it for and what they can and cannot access. The IT group will be trained on how to support the application and how to maintain and upgrade when needed. This leads into maintenance which is never cost effective but normally mandatory for reasons of fixing application bugs or hardware upgrades and even operating system updates. Factors or levels that may influence project risk are size of the project, structure of the project and the level of technical expertise (SME – Subject Matter Experts) of the IT staff and project team. Other considerations are consultants if the IT staff is does not have the technical expertise although proper training or shadowing will need to be involved of the consultant to an IT staff. Other factors such as not clear or straightforward requirements or even new technology that the project team does not know the technology can influence the project risk. Even user acceptance of the application is a major factor as some don’t like change or fear new products. There are many factors that can influence the risk of the project. Strategies that I would use to minimize the project risk would be to recruit people whom are SME with products that we are looking to implement, recruit project managers that are expertise in information technology and use the correct tools to manage the project and the deliverables. Implement the proper changes management in advance to have the changes documented in case need to revert back and make sure everything is tested in a test environment prior to placing into a production environment. Train the staff and end-users to make sure everyone is comfortable with the new system. People fear change and to have an in-depth training program will allow the end-users more comfort with the product and in themselves. The number strategy I would use to minimize project risk is communication. Making sure that everyone is on the same page with the deadlines and deliverables. Understanding the timeframe and what need to be done to accomplish the project. The project team needs to see the possible risks that are involved and how they could avoid these risks and make sure they are all documented. I believe that the best practices for managing this project are hiring project managers that have managed successful project in the IT field and have them communicate with the leads of the IT teams to set realistic timeframes to measure the progress of the tasks to overall meet the deliverables and the end date of the project. Communication to the company executives to make sure they understand the timeframe of the project and the implantation of each task and what dates they will be accomplished as well as verifying what are the requirements of management for the project. With regards to all this the project manager will put a project plan with timeframes and risks to hand out to all the project team and management so everyone understands what is involved and what deadlines each team needs to make. Make such dates will show quality to management and the company allowing a much smoother transition to the new CRM application and hardware. Reference Laudon, K. P. , Laudon, J. P. (2011). Essentials of MIS (9th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. How to cite It205 – Hardware Replacement Project, Essay examples

Structure of Business Process Modeling - Free Assignment Sample

Questions: 1. Describe the functional organisational structure. Why do you think this structure is so common? 2. What is the silo effect? Why does it exist? How can an organisation reduce or eliminate the silo effect? 3. What is a business processes? Why is a process view of organisations essential to becoming a successful manager? 4. Briefly describe the key business processes in terms of their key steps. 5. What are the three data groups defined within an ERP System (SAP). Give examples of each group. 6. Describe the client-server and service-oriented architectures. What are their advantages and disadvantages? 7. Briefly explain the three types of data in an enterprise system and how they are related. 8. Explain the relationship between client, company code, and plant in SAP ERP. What are these typically used to represent? 9. Why is the material master one of the most complex types of data in an ERP system? Provide some examples of data in a material master. 10. What are material types? Explain the four common material types in SAP ERP. 11. Explain the key organisational levels relevant to the purchasing process. 12. Briefly describe the steps in the procurement process explained in the lecture. What are some possible variations to this process? 13. Explain how the procurement process is integrated with other processes in an Organisation. 14. Briefly discuss the organisational levels relevant to the fulfilment process. Be sure to explain the relationships among the various levels. 15. Briefly discuss the master data relevant to the fulfilment process. Answers: 1. The functional organizational structure is one of the most common types of organizational structure that is used by the business organizations. The structure plays a significant role in order to divide the organizational structure into functions as well as departments. Moreover, each department divided by the structure is responsible to perform specific tasks, functions, and activities in an effective and a more comprehensive manner (Cant, Strydom, and Jooste, 2009). Along with this, each and every department is also liable to handle one major aspect related to the product/service. As per the functional organizational structure, the top management is responsible to coordinate the efforts of each department and also arrange them together to accomplish the goals of the organization. According to me, the functional organizational structure is so common. The main reason behind it is that this structure plays a critical role in order to sort out the activities of a business around areas of specialization (Leondes, 2010). Moreover, this structure does not locate responsibilities in one particular person/group; consequently, all the people have rights to show their skills and knowledge in their specialized areas. 2. The silo effect alludes as a lack of communication among employees within an organization; wherever different management groups work on different goals in place of working together. Silo effect exists because of each and every department works separately and also focuses on personal objectives. Moreover, an organization can reduce/ eliminate the silo effect with the help of numerous strategies. For case, the organization should oblige the employees to work together for the success and growth of the organization (Abedalla, 2014). Moreover, the organization should motivate the employees to share their innovative ideas, views, and perceptions to accomplish the goals and objectives of the organization in a cohesive way. 3. A business process refers as an activity or a set of tasks/activities that plays a significant role in order to accomplish the desired goals and objectives of the organization. Along with this, in todays more complex and challenging business era, a process view of organizations is essential to becoming a successful manager. The main reason behind it is that, it plays a major role in order to reduce the silo effect within the organization. Moreover, a process view is helpful for the managers in order to understand all the processes of the organizations to accomplish the desired outcomes in an effective and a more comprehensive manner (Weske, 2007). In addition to this, a process view is helpful for the managers to make use of processes as well as systems to complete the work required to accomplish their goals. In his way, it can be said that a process view is crucial to be a successful manager. 4. The procurement process, production process, and fulfillment process are the key business processes. These business processes in terms of their key steps are described as below: Procurement Process: The procurement process involves all the activities related to the purchase of the materials like raw materials that are required to produce products (Lacity, and Willcocks, 2015). Production Process: The production process engages the real manufacture of the products within the organization. The production process is concerned with obtaining required materials in an internal way. Apart from this, the procurement process is related with acquiring desired materials externally (Weske, 2007). Fulfillment Process: The fulfillment process is related to the selling of the product. The process involves all the major steps that are related to the selling and delivering of the products to the customers of the organization. 5. Master data group, real-time data group, and transaction data group are the three data groups defined within an ERP System. Master data group involves all the important data related to the system. Real-time data group is related to the data that are required by the user for a specific time period (Rthlin, 2010). Transaction data group involve the data related to the transfer of the data and information. 6. Client-Server Architectures: The client-server architectures play a significant role in order to distribute services as required by the clients. Along with this, servers that present services are treated in a different way from clients that make use of services (Christudas, and Barai, 2008). On the other hand, there are numerous advantages and disadvantages of the client-server architecture. Advantages: The major advantage of client-server architecture is that there is a centralized control. Servers help in order to manage the entire set-up in a proper manner. Moreover, proper management is also the other major advantage of client-server architecture. It is because of all the files are stored at the same place by the server (Zha, 2006). In addition, back-up recovery, up-gradation scalability, accessibility, and security are the other major advantages of the client-server architecture. Disadvantages: The major disadvantage of client-server architecture is the congestion in network. The main reason behind it is that too many requests from the clients may lead to blockage in the servers. Service-Oriented Architectures: The service-oriented architectures are architectural patterns in computer software design by which application components present services to other components all the way through a communications protocol. For case, a web service is a standard approach in order to make a reusable component available as well as accessible across the web (Christudas, and Barai, 2008). Along with this, there are numerous advantages and disadvantages of the service-oriented architecture. Advantages: Service reusability, greater reliability, easy maintainability, improved software quality, and so on are the major advantages of service-oriented architecture. Disadvantages: Complex service management, increased overhead, and high investment cost are the major disadvantages of service-oriented architecture (Zha, 2006). 7. Organizational data, master data, and transaction data are the three types of data that are used in an enterprise system and also work together to enhance the performance of the system and business. For case, the organizational plays a significant role in order to represent the structure of an enterprise. Along with this, companies, warehouses, sales regions, subsidiaries, storage areas, and factories, are the major examples of the organizational structure. Moreover, company code, client, and plant are the major instances of organizational data (Rthlin, 2010). On the other hand, master data plays a major role in order to signify entities linked with different processes of the business. Materials, vendors, and customers are the examples of master data. Apart from this, transaction data plays a vital role in order to reveal the outcomes of executing steps process, or transactions in an accurate way. Prices, quantities, dates, and payment delivery terms are the examples of transacti on data. Moreover, these all the data work together to make a transaction and to execute a specific task in an appropriate manner. 8. Client, company code, and plant in SAP ERP are related to each other. For case, a client is considered as the highest organizational level that plays a vital role to signify an enterprise consisting of numerous companies/subsidiaries. Along with this, each and every company within the enterprise is symbolized by a company code. A company code stands for a separate legal entity, and also measured as a central organizational element in financial accounting (Okungbowa, 2015). In addition to this, a plant is an organizational element that plays a significant role in order to perform multiple functions and multiple processes in an effective and a significant manner. 9. The material master is one of the most complex types of data in an ERP system. The main reason behind it is that material master is used by different processes and each process makes use of the material in a different manner. For that reason, each process may require the data about the material that are not required by the other process. Along with this, the material master groups divided these data into different categories in order to manage these data in an effective and a more comprehensive manner. The material master groups also put together the data that is related to one or more processes to make the task simple or easier (Wagner and Monk, 2008). Moreover, basic data, financial accounting data, and sales data are the examples of data in a material master. 10. Material types refer as the major categories of materials that are based on the use of materials in the operations activities of the business organizations. Along with this, raw materials (ROH), semi-finished goods (HALB), finished goods (FERT), and trading goods (HAWA) are the four common material types in SAP ERP (Sharma and Mutsaddi, 2010). These are explained as below: Raw Materials (ROH): ROH are acquired from a vendor and utilized in the production process. Semi-Finished Goods (HALB): HALB are produced in-house from other materials and also utilized in the production of a finished good (Williams, 2008). Finished Goods (FERT): FERT are produced by the production process from other materials, for example raw materials and semi-finished goods. Trading Goods (HAWA): HAWA are procured from a vendor and also resold to customers. 11. The key organizational levels relevant to the purchasing process are client, company code, and plant. A client represents to an endeavor that is involved numerous organizations or auxiliaries, each of which is spoken to by a company code. A plant is the area where the materials are obtained (Weele, 2009). 12. The procurement process is begun by a trigger, which is for the most part a need to gain materials or administrations. A buy order is then made. After a seller is chosen, a buy request is created, which references the buy order for the things required. At the point when the things arrive, they are examined and put away in stock. In addition to this, a brief span later a receipt is gotten and confirmed. The bookkeeping division pays the seller the measure of the receipt, accepting there are no disparities (Jonker, and Witte, 2006). On the other hand, variations to this procedure may happen if a thing should be subcontracted or if an organization requires a non-stock thing. 13. The procurement process is integrated with other processes in an organization. It is because of the procurement process is the base of the other process. The procurement process entails all the activities that are related to the procurement of the materials. If an organization completes the procurement process than it will be able to complete all the other processes production and fulfillment process in an effective and an appropriate manner (Bugdol and Jedynak, 2014). 14.The organizational levels related to the fulfillment process and relationships among the various levels are described as below: Sale Organization: Sales organization is the highest level of sales reporting. This level is responsible to negotiate terms and conditions and to summarize all the relevant data of sales in an accurate manner (Kowalczuk and Orowski, 2013). Distribution Channel: The distribution chalet is responsible to allocate the orders in an appropriate manner. Moreover, this level involves volume purchases and also offers volume discounts to the vendors. Distribution Chain: The distribution chain is a combination of both level sales organization and distribution channel. This level is helpful in order to maintain material master data and pricing conditions in an appropriate manner (Bugdol and Jedynak, 2014). Division: Each division is related with a product line and also acquired its own strategies. Sales Area: Sales area refers as a combination of sales organization. Along with this, each sales area obtains its own fulfillment documents to complete the fulfillment process. Plant: In the fulfillment process, plant can be a manufacturing, storage, office, and delivery plant (Jonker, and Witte, 2006). Shipping Point: Shipping point is to be found in a plant which makes sure that outbound deliveries are shipped. Credit Control Area: The credit control area is conscientious for customer credit values. Moreover, this level plays a critical role in order to determine customers credit limit that may be centralized or decentralized as required. 15. Plant, distribution channel, sales organization, and client are the major organizational elements in fulfillment process for which material master data are described. Along with this, the material master data are categorized into views and each view is related to one or more processes in order to define specific organizational levels (Kowalczuk and Orowski, 2013). Moreover, basic data, sales organization data, and sales plant data are the three views related to fulfillment process. References Abedalla, R.W. 2014. The Silo Effect of Information Technology on the Organizational Productivity: A Qualitative Research Study. International Journal of Computer (IJC) 15 (1). PP: 42-50 . Bugdol, M. and Jedynak, P. 2014. Integrated Management Systems. Springer. Cant, M.C., Strydom, J.W., and Jooste, C. J. 2009. Marketing Management. Juta and Company Ltd. Christudas, B.A., and Barai, M. 2008. Service Oriented Architecture with Java. Packt Publishing Ltd. Jonker, J. and Witte, M. D. 2006. Management Models for Corporate Social Responsibility. Springer Science Business Media. Kowalczuk, Z., and Orowski, C. 2013. Advanced Modeling of Management Processes in Information Technology. Springer. Lacity, M., and Willcocks, L. 2015. Nine Keys to World-Class Business Process Outsourcing. Bloomsbury Publishing. Leondes, C.T. 2010. Intelligent Knowledge-Based Systems: Business and Technology in the New Millennium. Springer Science Business Media. Okungbowa, A. 2015. SAP ERP Financial Accounting and Controlling: Configuration and Use Management. Apress. Rthlin, M. 2010. Management of Data Quality in Enterprise Resource Planning Systems. BoD Books on Demand. Sharma, K., and Mutsaddi, A. 2010. Configuring SAP ERP Sales and Distribution. John Wiley and Sons. Wagner, B., and Monk, E. 2008. Enterprise Resource Planning (3rd ed.). USA: Cengage Learning. Weele, A.J.V. 2009. Purchasing and Supply Chain Management: Analysis, Strategy, Planning and Practice. Cengage Learning EMEA. Weske, M. 2007. Business Process Management: Concepts, Languages, Architectures. Springer Science Business Media. Williams, 2008. Implementing Sap Erp Sales Distribution. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Zha, H. 2006. Interactive Technologies and Sociotechnical Systems: 12th International Conference, VSMM 2006, Xi'an, China, October 18-20, 2006, Proceedings. Springer Science Business Media.